A Comprehensive Review on Vranashotha: An Ayurvedic Perspective on Inflammatory Wound Management

Abstract

Background: Vranashotha is an Ayurvedic term used to describe localized inflammatory swelling that
occurs in or around a wound (Vrana). It results from the vitiation of Tridoshas (Vata, Pitta, and Kapha)
due to factors like trauma, infection, improper dietary practices, systemic diseases, or surgical
complications. Classical Ayurvedic texts such as the Sushruta Samhita provide detailed descriptions of
the stages, causes, symptoms, and treatment of Vranashotha, which closely resemble modern concepts
of inflammation.
Aim: To present a comprehensive review of the Ayurvedic understanding of Vranashotha, correlate it
with modern inflammatory pathology, and outline integrated approaches for its effective management.
Methods: This review critically analyzes Ayurvedic classical references from texts such as Sushruta
Samhita and Ashtanga Hridaya, and compares them with current biomedical literature on inflammation.
Ayurvedic treatment protocols, formulations, and therapies have been reviewed alongside modern
medical interventions to establish a comparative framework.
Results: Vranashotha is classified into Ama (immature), Pachyamana (suppurative), and Pakva (mature
abscess) stages. Symptoms such as redness (Raga), heat (Ushna), swelling (Shotha), and pain (Vedana)
are common to both Ayurveda and modern inflammation. Management in Ayurveda includes internal
medicines like Trivrit Churna, Punarnava, Guggulu, and Triphala, along with external therapies such as
Swedana (sudation), Lepa (herbal paste), and Jalaukavacharana (leech therapy). Modern management
typically includes antibiotics, NSAIDs, and surgical drainage.
Conclusion: Vranashotha serves as a classical example of the convergence between traditional
Ayurvedic and modern biomedical concepts of inflammation. With its holistic, stage-wise therapeutic
strategies, Ayurveda offers a valuable, complementary approach to managing wound-related
inflammatory conditions. Integrative management, combining Ayurvedic wisdom with modern surgical
and pharmaceutical care, holds promise for improved outcomes in chronic or complicated wound
inflammations.