Time Efficiency and Accuracy of Digital Versus Conventional Workflows for Fabrication of Single-Unit Crowns: An In Vitro Study

Abstract

Background: The advancement of digital dentistry has introduced computer-aided
design and computer-aided manufacturing (CAD/CAM) systems as an alternative to
conventional techniques for crown fabrication. These digital workflows are claimed to
enhance efficiency and precision; however, comparative evidence remains essential to
validate their clinical applicability.
Aim: To evaluate and compare the time efficiency and accuracy of digital and
conventional workflows in the fabrication of single-unit crowns in an in vitro setting.
Materials and Methods: A total of 20 samples were included and divided into two
groups (n = 10 each): digital workflow and conventional workflow. A standardized
prepared tooth model was used for crown fabrication. In the digital workflow, intraoral
scanning was followed by CAD design and CAM milling. In the conventional workflow,
elastomeric impressions were made, followed by stone model fabrication, wax
patterning, and casting. The time required at each stage was recorded to assess
efficiency. Accuracy was evaluated by measuring marginal and internal fit using a
stereomicroscope. Statistical analysis was performed to compare the groups.
Results: The digital workflow demonstrated significantly reduced fabrication time
compared to the conventional method. Crowns fabricated using the digital workflow
showed comparable or improved marginal and internal fit. The conventional workflow,
while reliable, required more time and involved multiple steps that could introduce
errors.
Conclusion: Digital workflows are more time-efficient and provide comparable or
superior accuracy in the fabrication of single-unit crowns compared to conventional
techniques.