EARLY PREDICTION AND EMERGING BIOMARKERS OF GESTATIONAL DIABETES MELITUS: A REVIEW

Abstract

Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM) is a metabolic disorder occurring during pregnancy, often associated
with various complications for the mother and the baby. Complications of GDM include pre-eclampsia,
foetal macrosomia, neonatal hypoglycemia, and the risk of developing type 2 diabetes. Conventional
screening for GDM, i.e., the oral glucose tolerance test performed between 24 and 28 weeks of gestation,
detects GDM relatively late. However, the recent studies have emphasised the search for new biomarkers
for the early detection of GDM. Such markers would enable the application of preventive measures for the
complications of GDM.