Mental Health and Psychological Well-Being among Prisoners: An Empirical Perspective

Abstract

Mental health and psychological well-being are critical yet often overlooked components of prisoner
welfare, particularly among under-trial inmates who face prolonged uncertainty, social isolation, and
systemic delays. The present study examined the levels of mental health and psychological well-being
among 147 under-trial prisoners, assessed the relationship between these variables, and explored
differences across selected demographic and criminological characteristics. Using standardized
psychological assessment tools, the results indicated that inmates displayed below-average mental health,
marked by symptoms of anxiety, depression, stress, and social dysfunction, while psychological well-
being was found to be moderate. Statistical analysis revealed a strong, significant negative correlation
between mental health problems and psychological well-being, suggesting that increased psychological
distress corresponded with reduced well-being. Significant differences were also observed across
variables such as age, education, marital status, duration of imprisonment, and nature of crime. The
findings underscore the necessity for structured psychological assessment, therapeutic interventions, and
rehabilitative prison policies to promote inmate well-being. The study concludes with recommendations
aimed at transforming prison settings into mental health–supportive, rehabilitative environments aligned
with national and international correctional standards.