COMPARATIVE EVALUATION OF PHYTOCHEMICAL COMPOSITION, ANTIOXIDANT, ANTI-INFLAMMATORY, AND ANTIDIABETIC ACTIVITIES OF Curcuma amada AND Curcuma longa ESSENTIAL OIL FROM UTTARAKHAND, INDIA

Abstract

The present research work aims to analyze the chemical, phytochemical composition and biological activities of Curcuma amada with Curcuma longa L. essential oil, the 2 variants collected from the diverse elevations and geographical variations of Kumaun and Garhwal regions of Uttarakhand, India. The analysis was done by using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC/MS), UV-Visible Spectrophotometer, and other established biochemical methods. The results for essential oil yield varied from 0.212% - 0.396% and the major components identified were hedycaryol (8.7%), α -zingiberene (13.5%), α -santalene (13.5%) curlone (14%), eucalyptol

(26.4%) and turmerone (44.3%). Further in–vitro antioxidant, biological activity was performed by DPPH freeradical scavenging, reducing power and metal chelation ability followed by anti-inflammatory, and anti-diabetic activities.The essential oil of Curcuma longa Garhwal species exhibited promising antioxidant activities and antidiabetic activity (11.95±0.11 µg/mL). A good anti-inflammatory activity was exhibited by Curcuma amada (7.46±0.04 µg/mL) when compared with standard drugs. The relative difference in results can be influenced by the altitudinal variation, species, and testing methodology of the samples. The study strongly clarifies that essential oils from the local variant of Curcuma species possess promising antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-diabetic activity.