Unveiling the Potential of Three-Step Anodization: Enhanced Length and Diameter of Titanium Nanotubes

Abstract

The titanium nanotubes prepared by anodization process are used in various applications, these nanotubes are typically produced using either a single-step or two-step anodization process. However, these methods focus on improving either the length or diameter of the titanium nanotubes individually. Achieving simultaneous enlargement of both length and diameter during the anodization process has not been previously reported. In this study, a three-step anodization process was introduced, employing a 30% water-containing electrolyte. The simultaneous enhancement of both the length and diameter of titanium nanotubes was successfully fabricated. The three-step anodization process produce average titanium nanotubes with a length of 7.5µm and a diameter of 300nm, as confirmed by surface morphological analysis. The formation of enlarged nanotube by three step anodization reaction was discussed. Comparison with conventional single-step anodization processes reveals a twofold increase in both length and diameter and a one-fold increase compared to two-step anodization process. These findings suggest that the three-step anodization process represents a promising alternative method to existing single or two-step anodization methods, offering enhanced control over the dimensions of titanium nanotubes for various applications.

KEYWORDS

Anodization, Titanium nano tubes, three step anodization, Nano tube length, Nano tube diameter.