PERIODONTAL PARAMETERS AND SHAPES OF MAXILLARY CANINES IN A MIDDLE EAST POPULATION – A PRELIMINARY REPORT

Abstract

BACKGROUND: The periodontium biotype shows considerable variation among individuals, and these differences are often linked to tooth crown morphology. The size, form, and shade of the maxillary canines significantly influence smile esthetics, with sexual dimorphism frequently observed. This study aimed to evaluate the crown forms of maxillary canines and their corresponding gingival characteristics in healthy Middle East Asian adults.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: Sixty systemically healthy males and females aged 21–35 years from the middle eastern population were examined. Clinical parameters recorded included crown width (CW), crown length (CL), mesiodistal width (MDW), contact surface length (CS), interproximal papilla height (Ph), and gingival angle (GA). Based on crown morphology, teeth were categorized as trapezoidal, pentagonal, or square (incisor-shaped) groups, which were compared for differences in these parameters.
RESULTS: Significant differences were observed among crown shape groups for gingival angle (P < 0.05). In addition, correlations were found between crown morphology and parameters such as MDW/CL ratio.
CONCLUSION: Maxillary canine crown shape is significantly associated with variations in gingival angle and MDW/CL ratio. These findings may provide valuable guidelines for esthetic planning in restorative and prosthodontic procedures involving maxillary canines.