Cluster Fig (Ficus racemosa) Ash: A Greener Alternative to Conventional Strong Bases

Abstract

The exploration of plant-derived materials for sustainable applications has gained significant attention in green chemistry and environmental sciences. This study investigates cluster fig (Ficus racemosa) ash as a novel, eco-friendly alternative to conventional strong bases. The ash, obtained through controlled calcinations of cluster fig biomass, exhibits high alkalinity due to its rich composition of alkaline metal oxides and carbonates. Its potential as a biogenic base is demonstrated through various organic transformations, highlighting superior catalytic efficiency, recyclability, and reduced environmental impact compared to synthetic bases such as NaOH and KOH. This research underscores the importance of plant-derived waste valorization, offering a sustainable approach to replacing conventional bases with renewable botanical resources.