BIODEGRADATION OF POLYTHENE BY USING SOIL MICROORGANISMS

Abstract

Background
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) frequently leads to long-term neurological deficits, including
impaired balance, dizziness, and an increased risk of falls. These impairments negatively
affect functional independence and quality of life. Accurate clinical assessment is essential
for identifying balance deficits and planning appropriate rehabilitation strategies.
Objective
To evaluate neurological status, balance impairment, and fall risk in patients with traumatic
brain injury and to examine the relationship between commonly used clinical balance
assessment tools.
Methods
A cross-sectional observational study was conducted among 60 individuals diagnosed with
traumatic brain injury. Neurological function was evaluated using the Glasgow Coma Scale
(GCS), while balance and fall risk were assessed using the Dizziness Handicap Inventory
(DHI), Functional Reach Test (FRT), Timed Up and Go Test (TUG), and Single Leg Stand
Test (SLS). Descriptive statistics, dependent t-tests, Chi-square tests, and Spearman's rank
correlation were used for data analysis.
Results
The mean age of participants was 37.68 ± 10.22 years, with males accounting for 58.33% of
the sample. Most participants demonstrated right-sided neurological involvement (85%), and
diabetes mellitus was the most common comorbidity (30%). Moderate dizziness-related
disability was observed in 65% of participants. According to the Timed Up and Go Test,
60% of participants were at high risk of falls, while the Functional Reach Test classified
61.67% as having moderate fall risk. A statistically significant positive correlation was
found between Functional Reach Test and Timed Up and Go performance (r = 0.411, p =
0.001), whereas no significant correlation was observed between Functional Reach Test and
Single Leg Stand performance (p > 0.05).
Conclusion
Patients with traumatic brain injury exhibit substantial balance impairment and an increased
risk of falls. The Functional Reach Test and Timed Up and Go Test provide complementary
information regarding dynamic balance and mobility and should be incorporated into routine
clinical assessment.