AYURVEDIC APPROACHES IN MANAGING SHWITRA: A CASE STUDY FOCUSED ON CHILDHOOD VITILIGO

Abstract

Introduction: Shwitra is a condition which has been classified under Kshudra Kushta in Ayurveda, it manifests as hypopigmented or depigmented skin lesions resulting from the vitiation of Tridosha along with Rasa, Rakta, Mamsa, and Meda Dhatu. It has been described as Aswedaja (non-sweating), Aruja (painless), and confined to the external tissues of the body (Bahirgata). Globally, vitiligo affects about 0.5–2% of the population, whereas in India its prevalence ranges between 0.25% and 4%. Epidemiological studies indicate that approximately 25–50% of vitiligo cases have onset during childhood, with significantly developing before 20 years of age. Ayurveda offers a comprehensive and sustainable approach to manage this disease. Aim and Objectives: To assess the therapeutic efficacy of Ayurvedic Sodhana Chikitsa (Virechana Karma) followed by Shamana Chikitsa to manage Shwitra in 10-years male child. Materials and Methods: A 10-year-old male child with hypopigmented patches over thumb, palm, fingers, and lips for the past 3-4 months. Based on clinical examination, a diagnosis of Shwitra was established. Treatment commenced with Deepana-Pachana using Vidangarista, followed by Snehapana with Mahatikta Ghrita. Virechana Karma was performed using Trivrit Lehya, after which Samsarjana Krama was advised for five days. Thereafter, Shamana Chikitsa was initiated and continued for three months, consisting of oral administration of Arogyavardhini Rasa and Aragwadharista, along with external application of pigmento ointment. Appropriate Pathya-Apathya was advised throughout the treatment period. Results and Discussion: A marked reduction in the size and number of hypopigmented patches was observed, along with gradual and progressive re- pigmentation. The treatment was well tolerated, with no adverse effects, and resulted in significant physical and psychological improvement in the patient. Conclusion: This case study demonstrates that the Ayurvedic management approach incorporating Virechana Karma followed by Shamana Chikitsa was effective in the successful management of Shwitra in this patient.

Keywords  
Shwitra, Vitiligo, Ayurveda, Virechana, Pediatric, Hypopigmented patches.