COVID-19 MANAGEMENT: INSIGHTS INTO DRUG THERAPIES, DIAGNOSTICS, AND PREVENTIVE PHARMACOLOGY

Abstract

The emergence of COVID-19 has marked one of the most significant global health crises of the 21st century. Originating in Wuhan, China in December 2019, the disease rapidly evolved into a pandemic, prompting extensive scientific investigation. This review summarizes current insights into the virology, epidemiology, diagnosis, treatment strategies, and preventive measures related to SARS-CoV-2. The disease manifests primarily as a respiratory illness and has shown a range of clinical severities, from asymptomatic infection to severe acute respiratory syndrome. As of early 2020, therapeutic approaches have been largely supportive, with antiviral trials and vaccine development rapidly advancing. This article compiles up-to-date literature from WHO reports, peer-reviewed journals, and clinical studies to provide an overview of diagnostic methods, treatment interventions including plasma therapy and antiviral drugs, and vaccination efforts. Enhanced awareness and timely interventions remain critical in curbing transmission and managing disease severity.